[0:00] In this tutorial series, we get into the essentials of how to make you and your orchestral instrument sound and look better. In this episode, we focus on recording woodwinds. The tonal image of these instruments is primarily formed by the resonance effects of the enclosed air column. Additionally, the vibrational characteristics are influenced by the mouthpiece, the bore diameter, and the bell. 

[0:35] Instruments such as the bassoon, clarinet, and oboe have reeds and are essentially closed at the mouthpiece and open at the bell, so the sound radiates primarily from the tone holes and the bell. The highest overtones pass right down the bore of the instrument and, in the case of the bassoon, are from the ceiling. The bell of the clarinet and oboe points toward the floor, which also affects the sound. Lower and mid frequencies radiate more perpendicular to the instrument’s axis. 

[1:07] The microphones for woodwinds can be positioned directly in front of the instrument, about 1.2 to 1.5 meters away and 1.5 to 2 meters high. Find a good balance between the direct and reflected sound, as well as between warmth and brightness. The noise of the keys is part of the instrument but should not dominate the recording. 

[1:20] (Instrument playing) 

Key noise is a natural part of the instrument, but careful microphone placement can help ensure it remains present without becoming distracting.

Place the microphone directly in front of the instrument, around 1.2 to 1.5 metres away and 1.5 to 2 metres high, then adjust for the best balance of direct sound and room ambience.

A good starting point is directly in front of the instrument, allowing the microphone to capture both the direct sound and the natural reflections of the room

Their tonal character is influenced by the enclosed air column, mouthpiece, bore diameter, bell shape, and, in some cases, reeds

A distance of approximately 1.2 to 1.5 metres is a reliable starting point for achieving a balanced and natural sound.